Tooth stains and discoloration are common problems in pediatric patients. While these stains are generally cosmetic issues, they may also indicate a dental issue that requires attention.
Children with discolored teeth may feel shy about showing their smiles. This blog explains the causes of stained teeth, discusses techniques pediatric dentists use to alleviate the issue, and offers tips to prevent future stains from developing.
Types of Tooth Discoloration and Their Causes
Staining or discoloration can happen due to external reasons or from within the tooth. Causes of external (extrinsic) tooth discoloration include:
- Diet: Consuming highly pigmented foods and beverages can lead to tooth stains. Tomato sauce, berries, soda, and tea can cause stains if the teeth are not properly brushed and flossed.
- Oral Hygiene: When parents do not ensure a child’s teeth are well looked after, tooth stains can result. Plaque buildup is a common cause of tooth stains, especially around the gumline.
- Fluoride Intake: Excessive or insufficient fluoride intake can lead to tooth stains. When children have excessive fluoride in their bodies, their teeth may develop white stains, a condition known as fluorosis. However, if children do not receive enough fluoride, their teeth may be more susceptible to other types of discoloration caused by dental decay.
Internal (intrinsic) discoloration can occur under the following circumstances:
- Antibiotics: Children whose teeth are developing may experience discoloration if they receive certain types of antibiotics. These beneficial medications may have the side effect of staining teeth a gray or brown color. Consult with your child’s pediatrician to determine which medications may cause this issue.
- Dental Trauma: Falls, sports accidents, and other facial injuries can cause discoloration due to broken blood vessels within the pulp. Ensure that your child receives immediate medical or dental attention.
- Tooth Decay: Decayed teeth often take on gray or brown discoloration. The first sign of decay may be a brown or gray spot appearing on the tooth. If you notice these changes in your child’s smile, make a dental appointment as soon as possible.
How Pediatric Dentists Improve the Appearance of Stains and Discoloration
Whitening treatments may be appropriate for teens and young adults. After teeth have reached full development, your pediatric dentist may approve this treatment. Dental bonding can also address some stains, as well as imperfections in space and shaping.
Tips to Prevent Stained and Discolored Teeth
Improve Oral Hygiene
Children need robust at-home oral care routines and parental support. Help your child brush and floss until they can manage independently. Ensure they brush for at least two minutes, twice a day, using fluoride toothpaste.
Maintain a Healthy Diet
Avoid excess sugar, starches, candy, dried fruit, and acidic drinks like soda. If your child eats these foods, ensure they rinse their mouth and brush afterward. Encourage fresh fruit and vegetable consumption.
Manage Fluoride Usage
If you use fluoride as directed by a pediatric dentist, your child will have a very low chance of developing fluorosis. Inform your child’s dentist about the fluoride products you use and when. Remember that fluoride’s benefits generally outweigh the small risk of fluorosis.
Frequently Asked Questions About Stained and Discolored Teeth in Children
Why should I correct my child’s stained teeth when it is a cosmetic issue?
Stained teeth can impact a child’s confidence and self-esteem. Even young children may feel uncomfortable with the appearance of their smiles, which can make them feel more self-conscious in social situations. In the case of permanent teeth, your child may experience these feelings in the long term. Addressing stained and discolored teeth at an early stage can help protect your child’s smile for a lifetime.
How can I keep my child’s teeth from staining?
The most important steps parents can take to keep their children’s teeth bright are to encourage proper oral hygiene. Parents should model these behaviors and help their children understand their importance in promoting a healthy, brilliant smile. If you have any questions about home oral care, your child’s dentist or hygienist can provide expert answers.
At Altleboro Pediatric Dentistry, we firmly believe every child deserves a sparkling smile. We work closely with patients and their parents to teach them proper oral care and address any issues that may arise. Please get in touch with us for more information about tooth stains or to schedule your child’s appointment.